Endotoxins are lipopolysaccharides anchored at the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. These pyrogenic compounds can be introduced in pharmaceutical products during their manufacture and could induce severe physiological reactions in humans. This is why endotoxins are dosed, in order to assure

Hyper Polarized (HP) MR allows to considerably increase the sensitivity (>10.000) of MR spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging. The hyperpolarized molecule can be injected at room temperature to a cell system or an in vivo model and its metabolism can be followed over a few minutes.The technique